Effects of Pollution in China - 2709 Words

In the last two decades, the air pollution in China has increased substantially. The lack of good air quality is especially prominent in the more urban, industrialized areas of China. Environment Minister Zhou Shengxian warned, â€Å"If China meant to quadruple the size of its economy over 20 years without more damage, it would have to become more efficient in resource use. Otherwise, there would be a painful price to pay† (BBC News). The topic of air pollution is not a new concern to the world; however, the effects of air pollution, especially to the hundred of thousands of people directly or indirectly harmed by the side effects of â€Å"bad air,† should be of grave concern. According to the Ministry of Health, air pollution has made cancer the†¦show more content†¦As a result, it is estimated that three-quarters of the rivers running through Chinese cities are so polluted that they cannot be used for drinking or fishing. Even the infamous Yellow River is suf fering from man-made environmental problems. Once the countrys second biggest source of fresh water, the river is now so polluted that almost 70% is hazardous to drink; moreover, because the river has been the target for over-exploitation for many years, the water tends to dry up before it reaches the sea for almost a third of the year. According to the World Health Organization, reports estimate that diseases triggered by indoor and outdoor air pollution kill 656,000 Chinese citizens each year and polluted drinking water kills another 95,600 (Platt). The majority of the air pollution in China is generated by the burning of coal and fuel oil in order to generate electric power. They do not have that much hydropower, power that comes from the energy of massive moving water, to help with demand and supply and, therefore, rely on the burning of coal. Coal is a natural resource that is abundant in amount but requires a lot of manpower and miners to obtain it every year. Because of its population and carrying capacity, China burns more coal to produceShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Air Pollution On China1973 Words   |  8 PagesIn December of 2015, China was faced with a â€Å"red alert† for air pollution. In an article from The New York Times titled â€Å"Smog So Thick, Beijing Comes to a Standstill,† Ed ward Wong stated, â€Å"For many residents, the red alert...underscored the devil’s handshake that China has made in recent years: the trading of a healthy living environment for breakneck economic growth.† There are many negative consequences of air pollution. Vaclav Smil’s â€Å"Environmental Degradation in China,† describes the variousRead MoreThe Pollution Of China And Its Effects On The Environment2054 Words   |  9 PagesAsia. The major country would be China. Since China has 3rd largest land scale in whole world there are numerous amount of trash to be buried or burn. Also, there are a lot of companies around the world have factories in China, because they have cheap labor and huge land. Major company would be Apple, Omega watch, and other huge companies we know. Since china takes numerous amount of percentage of human population around the world there are food problems in China, which affects the sustainabilityRead MoreA Major Area China s Air P ollution Effects On The Environment1568 Words   |  7 Pages A major area China s air pollution effects is the environment. With this in mind a way the pollution damages the environment is through acid rain (Air pollution in China). Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides go high into the atmosphere to combine with oxygen to form the heavy pollutant known as acid rain (epa.gov). Acid rain easily dissolves in water, and when mixed with other pollutants in China s atmosphere, can contaminate the soil and water sources. One-third of China s water is unusableRead MoreEssay On Air Pollution1677 Words   |  7 Pages Global Article Analysis 3: Air Pollution There are multiple environmental issues that exist and are constantly harming the planet. Many of these issues have effects that are unique to certain countries, or even effects that are similar to other countries. Overall, these issues can be similar or dissimilar in multiple aspects, such as the biological, physical, and cultural perspectives. The causes and effects, problem severity, citizen perceptions, and proposed solutions and efforts to repair theseRead MoreEssay on Severe Air Pollution in China1563 Words   |  7 PagesAfter many years of ignoring the air pollution, smog ridden China has finally begun to take this issue more seriously. They are the worst country in the world when it comes to air pollution due to their huge population and large demand of manufactured goods (AFOP). This however is no excuse for what they do to the environment.This is a very important issue because of how much environmental damage can be prevented as well as setting an example of pollution reduction across the world. TheyRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On Our Lives1304 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the recent years, air pollution has been the main cause of health problems in this society. Air pollution has caused so many health related sickness to the life we live in now. Air pollution has brought in high increases of poisonous gases that impact the weather by global warming, and the air we breathe. As we breathe this toxic air we get in the same chemicals that are mostly found in cigarettes. Some people could get many diseases breathing this kind of air today, because the cigarettesRead MoreEssay on The Environmental Health Problem and Proposed Solutions731 Words   |  3 PagesHealth Problem Air pollution affects all living things on earth—from plants to animals to humans. Air pollution is something society has been facing since the Industrial Revolution. China, in particular, has been facing increasing amounts of pollution; being ranked among the top three most polluted countries in the world. China emits tons of toxins resulting from man-made production into the air and water every day. China’s levels of pollution are so high that the pollution reaches the United StatesRead MoreChina s Low Rates Of Air Pollution1257 Words   |  6 PagesChina, after an economic boom and great success in rapidly expanding in their markets and manufacturing, has become the perfect opposite case example to the United States in recent times. China began its rise to a modern global economic power in the 1980s, but never once had any strong, well-enforced environmental regulations until 2013. As unregulated factory and automobile use increased, China’s rates of pollutio n quickly surpassed that of the United States, leaving China much more affected byRead MorePollution Is A Serious Problem?1320 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 1106 6 March 2016 pollution in china In the paper, I argue that what types of pollution in china by introducing the situation and problems in china. Following the development of economic and scientific, China is playing a very important role in the international arena. Increasing the number of people become rich. they can buy the new car, big house, and expensive clothes. In many people s opinions that China is becoming strong and rich. But they do not know China is also facing a seriousRead MoreChinese Economic Expansion And Increased Air Pollution1729 Words   |  7 PagesName Professor Engl 108-006 11/03/2014 Chinese Economic Expansion and Increased Air Pollution In recent years, China has been experiencing unprecedented economic growth. Chinese prosperity has had negative side-effects, including extreme environmental pollution (Wong, 2014). What researchers call â€Å"ambient particulate matter pollution† was the fourth-leading risk factor for deaths in China, contributing to 1.2 million deaths in 2010. Construction, industrial waste and greenhouse gasses are the

The Multi-faceted Role of the Pharmacist in Alberta Essay

The role of the pharmacist within Albertas health care system is multifaceted and constantly evolving. First and foremost, the pharmacist is a care provider who uses their knowledge, skills, and professional judgment to provide pharmaceutical care and facilitate management of patients medication and overall health. Subsequently, they are also a collaborator who work in concert with the team to provide effective, quality health care, and more importantly, to optimize patients quality of life. This is especially significant in our resource-strained health care system as pharmacists are on the front line of patient interaction and treatment; this ease of accessibility allows them to be a first-line health professional for patients and to†¦show more content†¦It also allows for targeted education and management of patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and HIV and decreases complications due to medication mismanagement or lack of physician acc essibility. As specialist accessibility is even more limited for most people, pharmacists fill this missing gap by providing patients with health education, promoting lifestyle changes such as diet, smoking cessation, and exercise, and overseeing their individualized drug therapy. For several years, I also had the privilege to be a representative and HIV Educator for AIDS Calgary, an organization that promotes advocacy, harm-reduction, and acceptance of those living with HIV/AIDS. This experience exemplified the crucial role of pharmacists in the management of chronic conditions such as HIV/AIDS, as well as their contribution to advancing health and well-being of a vulnerable population through advocacy. In my current role as a Crisis Line Support Volunteer at the Calgary Distress Centre, I peer counsel individuals in crisis, of which a significant portion have underlying mental health issues. They readily identify the pharmacist as a first-line resource for their medication managem ent and as an easily accessible, non-judgmental source of health information. Lastly, working as a clinical research assistant for psoriasis clinical drug

Organ Donation Myths Essay - 1857 Words

Organ donation myths have been around for a long time. These types of myths have stopped people from being organ donors as well as stopping families from letting there loved one receive a needed organ transplant. These myths are one of the main reasons for the organ shortage in the United States today. While some people decide to save another humans life some do not because of these myths surrounding organ donation. One person has the opportunity to save up to fifty lives just by deciding to be an organ donor and doing so would help with the organ shortage in the United States. One myth that stops somebody from being an organ donor is the belief that the family will be charged extra too allow their loved one to be an organ donor (Steve†¦show more content†¦The procedure that most hospitals use to determine to use people as organ donors is from someone that is declared brain dead (DAlessandro). Most hospitals do not actually use organs from people that have died from sudden cardiac death because the organs are not a vital as from a patient that has been declared brain dead ( (DAlessandro). A patient is considered brain dead when their brain function has quit working permanently and the term brain dead is the legal term that is used for someone that is dead (Congressman Jim McDermott). Families are educated when being told that their loved one is brain dead and that the machines the hear and see are they only thing that is working, that it is not actually their loved one breathing that they hear and see (Nancy Valko).The mention of organ donation usu ally does not even occur until it has been determined by the medical team that the patient is brain dead and the discussion with the family to end life support has been done with the family by the physician ( (DAlessandro). A third myth is that some people that are organ donors will not be able to view their family and friends in an open casket funeral (Steve Rudich). People that believe this want to be able too see their loved one at the funeral and be able to mourn and give a proper good-bye but fear of their loved one being mutilated and notShow MoreRelatedSpeech: Organ Donation Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesSpeech: Organ Donation INTRODUCTION /ATTENTION STEP A. 1. Imagine that a loved one has just been severely injured in a car accident. 2. The injuries include brain trauma, broken bones, but most notably, a loss of two pints of blood, that your friend is in desperate need of. 3. Coincidentally your blood type matches. 4. Picture yourselfRead MorePersuasive Essay On Organ Donation1263 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Every 10 minutes, someone is added to the waiting list for an organ transplant and an average of 22 people die every day while waiting (â€Å"FACT SHEET: Obama Administration Announces Key Actions to Reduce the Organ Waiting List†).† Potential donors are often interested in donating a kidney, but are hesitant because their loved ones could need one in the future. Altruists are people who do not see any less value in a stranger’s life than in the lives of their loved ones. A stranger or acquaintanceRead MoreOrgan Donation : An Organ Donor1068 Words   |  5 Pagesshould become organ donors. Choosing to become an organ donor provides the opportunity to save up to eight lives and improve the quality of life for many others with tissue donation. An organ donor can also provide comfort to the grieving family: the loss of the loved one will be helping others to live. Becoming an organ donor is much easier than many think. The decision can literally be done in just minutes. Web MD states, an organ transplant is the surgical removal of a healthy organ from one personRead MoreOrgan Donations : A Problem For The Transplantation Industry Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pages Organ donations stimulate positivity for the terminally ill despite all the challenges that has arisen from prior casual events. Through the correlation of persevering the gift of life to extend one’s life duration period, the organ shortage supply chain may not contribute much less withstands for unethical practice. The transplantation industry process may encounter various undergoes for the supply of organs before having a divine outcome. Organ shortages have become a problem for the transplantationRead MoreSpeech on Becoming an Organ Donor Essay2508 Words   |  11 PagesPreparation Outline Organ Donation: by Samantha Hess GENERAL PURPOSE: To persuade the audience to become organ donors. SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To persuade my audience to become organ donors by informing them of what it is, how it works, the myths of organ donations, how to become an organ donor, and the benefits of being one. THESIS: The need is constantly growing for organ donors and it is very simple to become one. Transplantation gives hope to thousands of people with organ failure and providesRead MoreOrgan Donation1090 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Why organ donation should be mandatory Audience: College Students General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade people to want to become an organ donor and the benefits of being one Proposition: You should become an organ donor Organizational Pattern: Statement of logical reasoning Introduction: Attention Getter: Organ donation is an amazing thing, saving many lives every year. Roughly 152,000 people die every day and 55 Million die each year yet, there is 116,000 peopleRead MoreEssay The Growing Need for Organ Donors1628 Words   |  7 Pagesbrotherly love, a love that can find expression in the decision to become an organ donor.† Pope John Paul II stated in the Address to International Congress on Transplants. In a culture of death and self-centeredness it is important to prompt the youth to consider becoming an organ donor. The number of people in need of a transplant is growing quickly, and already is at a large rate. Eighteen people will die each day waiting for an organ transplant; more must be done to help these people, yet it must be withinRead MoreThis Paper Provides Information Of Why Organ Donation Is1838 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper provides information of why organ donation is so important, and it gives some awareness of different studies related to the subject. While for some people organ donation is not an easy decision because of lack of understanding on the subject, for others is a decision that is highly rewarding. Additional examples and statistics are provided of people who believe that organ transplants not only saves lives but it also provides the recipients with the possibility of a better quality of lifeRead MoreThe Commercialization Of Organ Transplantation1660 Words   |  7 Pagesto save the world, [he] would spend fifty-five minutes defining the problem, and only five minutes finding the solution† (Einstein). In the case of the commercialization of organ transplantation, would the ramifications laid by Einstein change if a doctor had only one hour to save the life of a patient in dire need of an organ transplant? An individual that had spent the last three years on a waiting-list? Waiting, years, months, and days without end for a second chance at life. Similar to EinsteinRead MoreBecome an Organ Donor Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesBecome an Organ Donation Organ donation is a sacrifice that can touch many people through one person’s unselfish gift. Granted that gift most often comes after a tragic loss of a loved one. As the bearer of three functioning kidneys, I have always considered organ donation to be the expected norm. But today, the focus will be to enlighten you on the reasons to consider organ donation. Organ donations are needed for every age group, race, and ethnic groups. Each person should take the opportunity

Television s Perception Of Zombies - 898 Words

When I think of zombies, I immediately think of the dead still decaying from years of being buried. They slowly emerge from the grave, and stumble upon their steps as they learn to walk again. It spite of their slow amble, they somehow manage to lively break into a song and dance lead by the zombie king himself, Michael Jackson. Ok, so perhaps, that was Jackson’s perception of zombies; it does not negate the fact that they possess no intellectual capacity to critically think for themselves. Additionally, they are violent and aggressive and will attack anyone who crosses their path. Although â€Å"all characters and events [in the video] are fictitious†, the epidemic that has infected nearly millions of people worldwide is real. This contagion is called television (or the media) and it has caused indelible damage. Television has not only taken control of our bodies and our intellects, but has taken over our personalities as well. Let’s face it; TV has turned us in to zombies. There was a time people relied on conversation or the great outdoors as a form of entertainment. Before Television invaded our homes, families sat together and ate dinner; they told ghost stories and danced around the fireplace to Pa’s fiddle. They took longs walks down the prairie and were physically active. Sure that could have been the life of Charles and Caroline Ingalls. However, because they didn’t have television, they were actively involved in their children’s lives. Laura and Mary would often go for aShow MoreRelatedVampires Never Die, By Guillermo Del Toro And Chuck Hogan1299 Words   |  6 PagesIn the text â€Å"Vampires Never Die,† by Guillermo Del Toro and Chuck Hogan, the authors main purpose is to tell the origin of vampires and how the perception of vampires has changed throughout history. Although the myth of an undead monster was created before the word â€Å"vampire† ever was, this text begins with a story told by John William P olidori that created the two main branches of vampire fiction known today. These branches include the vampire as a romantic hero and the vampire as an undead monsterRead MoreA Response to â€Å"the Walking Dead† Tv Series: a Psychological Perspective1427 Words   |  6 PagesAMC†s â€Å"The Walking Dead† is a post-apocalyptic television show based on an ongoing comic book series. Set in Atlanta, Georgia the plot follows a small group of people, led by police officer Rick Grimes, struggling to survive after a pandemic of an unknown disease causes people to turn into zombies. After infection, a person initially dies, but is then somehow revived back to â€Å"life.† These zombies, or â€Å"walkers† as they are deemed on the show, seemingly have no self-awareness, but are able to walkRead MoreThe Effects Of Violent Video Games On Children1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthe virtual reality of being an assassin or a car thief until they were told to go to sleep. I quickly became what I would call an addiction. It was all they ever talked about to anyone. I really started to worry for them. They were video games zombies. Their eyes, dry and tired, were constantly glued to the flat screen in our family room. They even admitted to having sore thumbs from what they liked to call â€Å"hardcore gaming.† One day my mom had finally had enough and decided they were in need ofRead More The Social Benefits of Mass Communication Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesInternet for a new chat group to join, we learn and experience things and events that no humans ever before in history have experienced through this miracle we call mass media. This paper will explore the multifaceted and unique areas of the public’s perception of mass media, the educational value of the media, and the Internet as a new mass medium. The public has always had an interesting relationship with mass media because it is the public that is breaths life into this organism called the massRead MoreA Social Realism Film Written By John Ajvide Lindqvist And Directed By Tomas Alfredson1560 Words   |  7 Pagesthe end, despite Eli s monstrous actions in between her and Oskar s shared moments, we still wish their innocent pre-sexual relationship/friendship would remain unharmed from the monstrosities around them, and because we sympathise with Eli, our perception of monstrosity then becomes whether the monstrosity is justifiable. The technical aspects of film such as cinematography, sound and editing plays a significant role in how the monstrosities from both Oskar and Eli s storyline are being portrayedRead MoreDoes the Media Shape Who We Are?2522 Words   |  11 Pagesessentialness of the audience. Without the audience there is no mass media and without audience response to the media then it has failed to fulfil its task. So bearing that in mind, I will be focusing on the effects produced by the media, notably the television and the press on the audience. The effects on the audience In recent years there have been many high profile cases in which the media has been named as one the main culprits of influence. The news and newspapers have an impact on the way we thinkRead MoreDr. Dahmer And Dennis Nilsen4366 Words   |  18 Pagesbiography of Nilsen, â€Å"he was indeed killing for company. Similarly, Jeffrey Dahmer came to the public s attention in July of 1991 after murdering seventeen men and having one potential victim run away. His first murder happened when he was only 18 years old. Nilsen, also known as the ‘Muswell Hill Murderer’ and the ‘Kindly Killer’ first came to the media’s attention in 1983. All of Nilsen s murders were committed in one of two North London addresses in which he alternately resided throughout theRead MoreAnalylis Primark22310 Words   |  90 Pages................................................................................ 1 Swot Analysis .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Porter‟s Five Forces ................................................................................................................................. 14 Driver of Change ....................................................................................

Assignment Psycholgical approaches Free Essays

On a moral practical everyday life modeling is an excellent way of helping patient overcome with anxiety. For example a nurse found out that children in hospital suffer from reduce stress and they recover quickly from surgery if the treatment that they are about to have are modeled for example using films and video tapes. The psychotic Approach – understanding challenging behavior by a basic tenant of this perspective is that the most of the behavior is driven by unconscious forces. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment Psycholgical approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is therefore very important to recognize the way we might not be able to understand behavior if we were using questions and answering techniques as the individual may not know what is troubling them and it is nesters to delve a deeper and try to interpret the behavior on the assumption that the behavior is in some way a symptom of what is going on in the unconscious mind. The Social Learning Theory – promotion of anti- discriminatory behavior and practices has been discussed earlier that the way people can learn new behavior by observing others. First they note down the model that is influenced whether we like to imitate the behavior or not. For example of a model who is a very famous celebrity called the late princess Diana and when she came to the hospital to visit a patient who had HIVE and AIDS at the hospital in 1987 she shaded that patients hand who had AIDS and not only broke a tattoo on the subject but she also helped to remove a great deal of prejudice and misunderstanding about the illness. The use of positive role model in health and social care is education campaign and this explains the role model that can be played with powerful part of behavior. For example Jamie Oliver he has an image impact in terms of getting local authorities to introduce cooked school meals which were much less healthy. The Humanistic Approach – empathy is a very crucial feature of this approach to helping others to develop empathy. It is very common like sympathy where we feel sorry for someone and we require to really listen to the emotions and respect them for who they are. This is not always very easy as we don’t understand why someone feels so bad about an issue that we could easily dismiss. True empathy requires us to put aside the problem about another person and all we could do is put ourselves in their shoes. Rather like empathy understanding importance when applying this perspective to health and social care practice. Rogers often refers to more than just understanding an intellectual level. This is a major barrier to understanding and it will help the client or the patient instead we need to listen carefully to what is being said and ask questions to the problem. The Cognitive Approach – supporting individuals with learning difficulties who can experience enormous frustration in their daily lives as they feel to make sense to what we can experience. The cognitive approach can be used to help people who do not understand the situation. This could be by identifying irritation thoughts as an individual and can be guided to change them with consequent benefit for their emotion and behavior. Cognitive word of this type can be improved by self esteem and increase Outbursts which may be affected by a lack Of understanding Of the equipment of a given situation for example having to wait for a meal. Supporting individuals with emotional problems is widely used with individuals with a variety of emotional problems. This perspective begins by examining how the negative thought influenced feelings which then lead to changing in behavior. Supporting individuals with depression is a psychologist called Aaron Beck who has a formulated a helpful approach to understanding depression known as a cognitive behavior therapy. The pattern of the behavior is common to suffering from depression and is described as a cognitive triad. This then generates to a conviction that the world contains problems and difficulties that the individual is powerless to overcome. The goal of the cognitive therapy is to challenge these negatives Houghton and to encourage the patient to develop alternative and more positive ways of seeing the world. Supporting individuals with post traumatic stress disorder -? This disorder consists of a group of symptoms as outlined below. This is commonly experienced by soldiers but are also experienced by others who have undergone a traumatic experience such as rape which is too much for them to bear. Traumatic events: Nightmares, flashbacks, recall of the event and fireworks. Avoidance events: The person tries to avoid thinking about the trauma and brings it back to the mind so the person may not be blew to remember anything. Increased arousal: difficulties falling or staying asleep, concentrating, hyperactive and exaggerated response. The Biological Approach -? Understanding developmental norms and they are developed by Arnold Sell for an assessment scale to enable judgment to be made about a child’s behavior and understanding the matter Of their age and this is composed to the child’s goal against their scores at an earlier age to determine the development. These are the three overlapping stages at which development can be measured. Between two and a half years of age Between four and six years old Between six and nine years old. Understanding the effects of shift work on individuals When we are working shifts especially at night we tend to find that there are certain times when we are feeling overwhelmed and urging to sleep while we should be working. Those unpleasant physical effects occur because of disruptions to circadian biological rhythms. Cardiac rhythms have given a cycle of physiological bodily process which laps force between 24 and 25 hours. For example our core body temperature which fo llows the level of alertness. For most people the lowest core temperature is 36. Degree Celsius and the very highest is 37. 2 degrees Celsius. The core body temperature falls over the course of the day. This is why we feel sleepy. Shift workers on an evening shift have to be awake and function at night with a high level when their body temperature is dropping the lowest telling us that they want to go to sleep. Therefore they need to sleep on time and return home on time when their body clock is telling them to be alert. The brain is also involved in leap and this is called the pineal gland and this is responsible for production of the hormone melatonin. As it gets darker the light levels increases between 8 and 10 these levels increase within 2 hours beginning to fall from 2. References Circadian rhythms www’. Guardian. Co. UK/science/2004/DCE/04/locators. Health Cognitive behavioral therapy www. Respects. AC. UK Sell assessment scale vim. Guiltlessness. Org MI Role model can be used within the new therapy and counseling centre in my locality is for example a nurse is expected to be on a high level standard of aroma and competent so where as we might aspect a surgeon to be similarly level headed competent who would be expecting to a particular warmth. The people that would benefit from it is a group of individuals who have a particular culture or society who will get influenced by others and this will work by helping the therapy and counseling for leading us to adopt certain roles and try to live up to that role to the expectation that goes with the role. The humanistic approach can be used within the new therapy and counseling centre in my locality by for example by looking at human experiences from their viewpoint of my individuals of groups by focuses on their ideas of free will and believing that my group of individuals can make their own choices. This can work by their hierarchy of needs to progress through each level before making SSL_Jeer they meet all their individual needs. Advantages of my two perspectives are that one of my perspective is about influencing on people’s role model by observing and changing behavior to the role model according to their jobs and expectations in the health and social; care setting and adopting it later it later in life and my other respective looks at my individuals needs like the importance in their diet and making sure they meet it and to understand why they need to meet their humanistic needs. How to cite Assignment Psycholgical approaches, Papers

Extinguishing Fires and Fire Detection Central Control Panel

Question: Discuss about the Extinguishing Fires and Fire Detection for Central Control Panel . Answer: Fire Alarm Terminology Explanation of different terms of Fire Alarm Terminology (I) Addressable fire alarm system: An addressable fire alarm system is made up of a series of fire detectors and devices that are connected back to a central control panel (Kong, Yang Kang, 2015). (II) Conventional fire alarm system: The conventional fire alarm system is an early warning system design for small facilities (Bhattacharjee et al., 2012).These fire alarm systems are inexpensive but sometimes it can be challenging locating the alarms. (III) Two states Detector: Conventional or two-state detector is a detector that gives one of two states relating to either normal or fire alarm conditions (Aad et al. 2013). (IV) Analogue detector: It is defined as a detector that helps in detecting smoke or heat sensor and manual call point, which is coded with a unique address (Bieberle et al. 2012). (V) Pre-alarm warning: Pre-alarm Warning is defined as a alarm condition which provides indication about a signal (etin et al., 2013). The indication may be due to rise in heat levels or due to smoke alert. (VI) Staff Alarm: Staff alarm system is defined as a system, which consists of a number of fully monitored Dual-TechCeiling, or Wall mounted location units. These location units contain bothInfraredreceivers for localized receipt of signals and aRadiotransmitter to communicate information back to the System (Crogan Dupler, 2014). Explanation of circumstances and the arrangements of staff alarm facility Circumstances in which staff alarm system is needed Staff Alarm system is required in organizations in different situations. The Staff alarm must be used when it is necessary to notify the employees of an organization to evacuate the entire space in any emergency scenario (Rinsurongkawong et al., 2012). The emergency scenario can be during the event of a fire. The employees alarm system is used such that the employees of the organization hear the rings of the alarm system and evacuate the place. The sound of alarm system, which is used, must be different from the normal background noise so that the employees of the organization differentiate between the noises. Other circumstances like in natural calamities, the organizations use the alarm system so that the place will be evacuated by every employee in emergency. Arrangements that are incorporated within the staff alarm system The arrangement that must be incorporated with the staff alarm system includes: Initiation of building evacuation with the use of the nearest alarm pulls station. The employees of the organization must be trained so that they can use the portable fire extinguishers properly (Islam et al., 2013). Combustible and flammable storage must be applicable sections under National fire protection association. Stairwells of the building must be free from any type of obstructions such as storage, vending machines and many more (Angelo, 2012). Detection Review Methods of operation of different types of detector (I) An electronic fixed temperature: An electronic device with a thermostat acting as the heat sensitive element is a type of resistor whose resistance changes significantly according to temperature (Wang et al., 3013).These detectors can operate as a fixed-temperature and a rate-of-rise device or both depending on their intended design. (II) An ionization chamber smoke detector: Ionization Smoke Detector is able to sense smoke particles that are too small for the naked eye (Dimitropoulos et al., 2015). Through alpha radiation, the ionization smoke detector passes through the air-filled space container, allowing flow of electrodes. However if any smoke gets inside the chamber and absorbs the alpha particles, it lowers the level of ionization, hurting the flow of electrodes, thus setting off the alarm. (III) An optical smoke detector: Smoke Detector, also referred to as a Photoelectric Type Device, uses a light source to detect smoke. The Infra-Red LED is a lens that shots a beam over a large area (Kang, et al., 2013).If smoke is present in the room, it enters the optical chamber, having smoke particles scatter and sensor sets of the alarm. In very large areas where a smoke detector is placed, two optical detectors send the straight line of infrared beam from a sender to a receiver. (IV) A carbon monoxide fire detector: Carbon monoxide detectors sound an alarm when they sense a certain amount of carbon monoxide in the air over time. Different types of alarms are triggered by different types of sensors such as inBiomimetic sensor a gel changes the color when it absorbs carbon monoxide, and this color change helps in triggering the alarm system. (V) An Intra Red Flame Detector: An intra red flame detectors respond to the production of one or a combination of infrared spectrums of electromagnetic radiation. These detectors are often used in situations where there is a potential for the rapid development of fire such as flammable liquids (Alkhatib, 2014). These detectors comprise an electronic circuit with an electromagnetic radiation receiver. Flame detectors are actuated when they receive electromagnetic radiation from one or more defined wavelengths are received according to their design in the ultra-violet or infrared spectrum. (VI) An ultraviolet flame detector: Ultraviolet detectors react to the construction of one or a combination of ultraviolent spectrum of electromagnetic radiation (Urban et al., 2015). These detectors consist of an electronic circuit with an electromagnetic radiation recipient. Ultraviolent Flame detectors are activated when they receive electromagnetic radiation from one or wavelengths that are more distinct. Examples of different types of detector Examples of carbon monoxide fire detector: Cigarette smoke detector and CE mini smoke detector Both the smoke alarm is unsuitable as they are electrical/electronic device, which can be affected by electrical noise, or interference, which occurs within any dwelling. Examples of an optical smoke detector ROHS commercial smoke detector and Standalone smoke detector ROHS commercial smoke detector and Standalone smoke detector are unsuitable to install due to electrical issues. The smoke alarm is fitted with line filtering this cannot safeguard against all possible causes of interference or excessive levels of interference. Examples of an ionization chamber smoke detector Heiman smoke detector and intelligent smoke detector Both Heiman smoke detector and intelligent smoke detector are unsuitable to install due to environmental issues. The smoke alarm will sound if it senses smoke or something, which stimulates smoke. Additionally electrical strikes or noise can cause the smoke alarm to briefly sound.Smoke Alarms are auto resetting and therefore will silence once the cause is removed. Examples of an electronic fixed temperature: Photoelectric smoke detector and Commercial smoke detector Both Photoelectric smoke detector and Commercial smoke detector are unsuitable to install due to electrical issues. Smoke Alarms chirp as an indication of a fault or not normal condition.The smoke alarm will normally chirp forLow battery level False Alarm Reduction and management Measures when rate exceeds the critical points When the rate teaches the critical points Fire Alarm detectors shall be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms (Fernandez-Berni et al., 2012). It must be installed in sleeping rooms in new construction and it is recommended that they shall also be installed in sleeping rooms in existing construction. Drastic effect on the system if it exceeds the critical point The effects include: It causes transmission of a wrong alarm notification signal to the fire department or other emergency response organization. Selection and placement of these detectors is dependent upon a variety of factors including the need for automatic or manual initiation, ambient temperature and environmental conditions and therefore exceed from the critical point causes drastic effect on the alarm system (Aslan et al., 2012). Summary of the Advice in table 5 of BS 5839-1 It is advised that when fire alarm reaches above the critical point the critical points Fire Alarm detectors shall be installed outside different sleeping area in the instant vicinity of the bedrooms (Fernandez-Berni et al., 2012). Choice and placement of the detectors is based upon a mixture of factors including the need for automatic or manual initiation, ambient temperature. It is advised that the alarm system must be used in sleeping accommodation in new construction. d-Alternative detector The Addressable alarm system would be suitable for the building. This is because Addressable or "intelligent" systems represent the current state-of-the-art in fire detection and alarm technology (Merino et al., 2012).These systems monitor and control the capabilities of each alarm initiating and signaling device through microprocessors and system software. It initiates an alarm only if the observed situation is extremely unlikely when compared with its experience. Starting with a suitable set of parameters, this concept requires the no fire-detector to collect and store experience parameters relating to ambient conditions continuously after it has been installed. Domestic Applications Definition of Smoke Detector Smoke alarm is defined as a device that automatically detects and provides warning alarm regarding the presence of a smoke in the air (Othman Shazali, 2012).Smoke detectoris a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator offire. Commercial security devices issue a signal to afire alarm control panelas part of afire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known assmoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visualalarmfrom the detector itself. b:Advice regarding Smoke Alarm (I) Suggestion of purchasing Fire Alarm system on the basis of creation, standard and power supply Interconnect able alarms: Interconnect able alarm system is suggested as it can be set up in a network where if one smoke alarm is activated, all other smoke alarms on the same network will also activate (Yuan et al., 2015). This can be very useful in larger homes where it may be difficult to hear smoke alarms that are at the other end of the house or on another level. Creation: In Interconnect able alarm systemLine of wirelessly interconnects -able alarms designed to meet the needs of contractors that retrofit or remodel existing properties (Ha et al., 2012). It offers the same interconnected functionality as hardwired alarms, without the wires. Standard: The Interconnect able alarms system are very much standard as an individual get aware of the alarm system then pressing the isolator button will switch off all the alarms except for the one that initially activated the alert. Power: The alarm system is suggested, as it is very much useful for larger homes. Installation charge of the alarm system is not much (Othman Shazali, 2012). It is a mains powered smoke alarm and thus it is wired direct to a 240 volt AC power supply or to a 12/24 volt DC system powered by a 240 volt supply. (II) Number of alarm system and the category of house The building must have one alarm in each room so that if any danger or fire circumstances occur then each individual in the building knows about the circumstance. The house belongs to the category B. This is because the house is shared by each individuals of the family exclusive of bedrooms. Each individual lives in the house independent of others by sharing the same house. The smoke alarm system cannot helpful in saving all the individuals of the buildings always. This is because sometimes the system responds very slowly or it contain very small amount of radioactive materials (Bhattacharjee, 2012). The smoke detectors are not hardwired into a home's electrical system and as a result, they rely exclusively on battery power, requiring regular checking and replacement. A smoke detector with a dead battery saves no lives. Battery Operated Smoke Alarms (I) Reasons for the removal of battery in Alarm system The reasons for which the battery of the smoke alarm system in the two-storey building includes: The battery of the alarm system might be stop working and therefore the property owners of the building might have removed the battery in the hope that the battery will be changed as soon as possible (Wang et al., 2013). The battery of the smoke alarm system might have stolen by someone. This has led to number of death cases in the building, as the smoke detector cannot detect the smoke, which is occurred due to the fire as because of absence of battery in the system (Kumar, 2014). (II) Advices to the Local Authority A number of advices are given to the local authority of that area, where the building is situated. The advice is about the future use of smoke alarm system. It is very much important to have a Category A type of smoke alarm system, which provides proper facility of smoke detection. The smoke detector must be installed in each building of the area, so that the people of that area will be saving in case of fire or any other problems (Garg et al., 2013).The more alarm area has, the safer will be the people of that area. Therefore, it is suggested to the local authority that they should provide smoke alarm detectors with ionization and optical features. Industrial Problems Existing Fire detection system in industries and the reason behind their selection The problem that occured by using conventional alarm system is that conventional system does not allow the control to monitor the sensitivity of the smoke detectors. It simply reports which device is in alarm. The industry use conventional alarm system. Conventional alarm system is selected is a non-addressable system, which may use fire detection zones, which are usually represented by LEDs on the control panel. Each zone identifies a specific area of the building in order to speed up the location of a fire. Measures for reducing false alarms The measures of the fire alarm system include: The sensitivity of the alarm system is reduced by de-rating the heat detectors. This will be helpful in reducing false alarms (Yoon Min, 2013). Isolating zones prior to construction works and cleaning smoke detector covers prior to their removal (Cruz et al., 2016). Advising the fire alarm maintenance company when there is a change of building use Restrictions and limitations of the measures There are number of restrictions of the measures that are provided in order to reduce the false alarm. The limitations include: De-rating heat detectors: The de-rating procedure of detectors reduces the sensitivity of the alarm system. As a result, if any fire arising circumstance occurs then the system cannot detect the smoke, therefore alarm will not be provided (HabiboÄÅ ¸lu et al., 2012). This can cause a number of severe problems including death. Isolation of Zones: If a zone is isolated and a problem related with fire occurs then it will be impossible for the authority to save the building. Alternative fire alarm system Fire detection system with control panels is the alternative approach for forming a detection system for the industry. It provides proper testing system, which assures the industry about the fire alarm system, which operates at optimum performance, and integrity, which has not been compromised during or subsequent to the installation (Su et al., 2014). Proper testing prevents false alarms and associated costs when fire trucks are unnecessarily dispatched to the building. Early detection plays a significant role in protecting the safety of emergency response personnel. It provides information to emergency responders on the location of the fire, speeding up the fire control process.It is designed and installed correctly and thus provides adequate time for the occupants to safely evacuate a building and to alert local first responders to the impending danger (Rodriquez Young, 2013). The system is configured for providing a wide range of flexibility, with components controlling a variet y of devices. Additional measures and licensing Description of the form of protection (I) Reason Behind the Selecting the Decision The detector that must be used is automatic fire detection and alarm system. The detector that is used includes a sensor. When the amount of smoke in the air increases as compared with the density of air, the sensor senses it (Iqbal et al., 2014).After sensing the smoke the alarm system that is internally connected with the circuit starts ringing. (II) Extra detection recommended by BS The recommendation includes: The sensitivity of the alarm system must be reduced by de-rating the heat detectors. This will be helpful in reducing false alarms. The automatic alarm system must be designed and installed correctlyfor alerting local first responders (Butz et al., 2014). Combustible and flammable storage must be applicable sections under National fire protection association. (III) Site of alarm sounders and their reason The alarm sounders should be positioned close to exits, in each room of the building so that each individual get to know about the risk.It provides information to emergency responders on the location of the fire, speeding up the fire control process (Dong et al., 2015). If a detector recognizes a condition, which could be indicative of a fire, then it will start producing sound, which will be beneficial to save one self from the danger. (IV) Duration of time the system is powered by the battery The alarm system is suggested, as it is very much useful. Installation charge of the alarm system is not much. It is a mains powered smoke alarm and thus it is wired direct to a 240 volt AC power supply or to a 12/24 volt DC system for charging the battery (Elbasuney Mostafa, 2015). The battery will last for around 5 hours when there is scarcity or unavailability of min failures. 6.b: Explanation about the installation of HMOs It is installed in HMOs because there are several advantages of its implementation. One of the advancements offered by these systems is their ability to specifically identify where a fault has developed. Therefore, instead of merely showing a fault along a wire, they will indicate the location of the problem. This permits faster diagnosis of the trouble, and allows a quicker repair and return to normal. Extinguishing Fires 1. Extinguishing agents Various types of extinguishing agents Water and Foam: Water and Foamfire extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away theheatelement of the fire triangle. Foam agents also separate theoxygenelement from the other elements. Dry Chemical: Dry Chemicalfire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting thechemical reactionof the fire triangle (Garg et al., 2013). Clean Agent: HalogenatedorClean Agentextinguishers include the halon agents as well as the newer and less ozone depleting halocarbon agents. They extinguish the fire by interrupting thechemical reactionof the fire triangle (Kumar, 2014). Dry Powder: Dry Powderextinguishers are similar to dry chemical except that they extinguish the fire by separating the fuelfrom theoxygenelement or by removing theheatelement of the fire triangle (Elbasuney Mostafa, 2015).However, dry powder extinguishers are for Class D or combustible metal fires, only. They are ineffective on all other classes of fires. Types of Fire extinguishers Water and Foam: it can use Class A fires as it fires inordinary combustiblessuch aswood, paper, cloth, trash, and plastics (Bhattacharjee, 2012). Dry Chemical: It can use both Class B fires are as they fires inflammable liquidssuch asgasoline, petroleum oil and paint. Clean Agent: It uses Class C fires as it fires involvingenergized electrical equipmentsuch asmotors, transformers, and appliances. Remove the power and the Class C fire becomes one of the other classes of fire (Othman Shazali, 2012). Dry Powder: Class C fires are fires involvingenergized electrical equipmentsuch asmotors, transformers, and appliances. Remove the power and the Class C fire becomes one of the other classes of fire. Need of quantity, sitting and performance of fire requirement in office Need of fire extinguishers include: Quantity:In a building with a floor area greater than 400 m there should be a minimum of extinguishers with a minimum combined fire rating of 0.065 x floor area (m2) Sitting: The extinguishers should be positioned close to exits, for further information on where it is desirable to have smaller, lighter extinguishers, foam, or water with additives can be used to reduce weight whilst maintaining firefighting capability (Yuan et al., 2015). Performance: The number of extinguishers connected in a building depends on the load or the performance of an extinguisher. Definition of occupancy hazards relevant to NFPA paragraph Occupancy Hazard NFPA paragraph Office Block Occupancies in this class are considered SEVERE hazard occupancies, where quantity and combustibility of contents are high. Class 3 Assembly Area Occupancies in this class are considered LOW hazard occupancies, where quantity and combustibility of contents are moderate Class 6 Painting Area Occupancies in this class are considered MODERATE hazard occupancies, where quantity and combustibility of contents are moderate Class 5 Commodities and Storage Arrangement Commodity Class Configuration Heights Required Density (meter square) Metals component in single corrugated cartons Class I Double row pallet beam racking 6.0m 0.10 Glass light covers with paper in single corrugated cartons Class I Double row pallet beam racking 6.0m 0.20 Aluminum and steel components in slatted timber crates Class IV Double row pallet beam racking 4.5m 0.15 Polypropylene components in cartons stretch wrap Class III Double row pallet beam racking 6.0m 0.30 PVC insulated electric cable Class III Double row pallet beam racking 6.0m 0.15 Replacement lamb heads in cardboard cartoons Class I Single row beam racking 6.0m 0.12 Idle timber pallets Class II Single row beam racking 4.5 m 0.25 Adequacy of Fire protection and risk Improvement Essential safety measures are the fire, life safety and health items installed or constructed in a building to ensure adequate levels of fire safety and protection from such things as Legionella over the life of the building. Essential safety measures include all traditional building fire services such as sprinklers and mechanical services etc., but also include passive fire safety such as fire doors, fire-rated structures and other building infrastructure items such as paths of travel to exits (Merino et al., 2012). An essential safety measure, for the purpose of the Regulations, is provided for the safety of people in a building or place of public entertainment. The following risk improvements are necessary: Ensuring the service is maintained at a level of performance specified by the relevant building surveyor (RBS) (Aslan et al., 2012). Periodical inspections and checks in accordance with an Australian Standard or other specified method. Water Spray System Methods for extinguishing fire by using Water The methods for extinguishing a fire include: Spray: When water is applied as a spray then it is helpful for driving smoke or gas. An example of this would be using spray to drive smoke from an aircraft fuselage (Urban et al., 2015). Jet: Each droplet of the spray absorbs heat and removes it from the area of the fire. When water is applied as a jet, most of the water passes through the affected area with little benefit to the firefighting operation (Alkhatib, 2014). Pulse: A method for extinguishing fires inside compartments is to apply water in a pulsed spray by quickly opening and closing the branch. Major application system used to apply the spray A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system, providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water distribution piping system, onto which fire sprinklers are connected (Dimitropoulos et al., 2015).The most important goal in the application of water spray is to get uniform distribution of the water throughout the area. Inadequate supply of water may not give the desired coverage and control needed. Additional extinguishing factors when high velocity of spray is applied The factors when high velocity of spray is applied Spray Nozzle: The selection of the proper spray nozzle that achieves the coverage area and water density required for the hazard being protected is one of the most important steps necessary to ensure the successful operation when high velocity of spray is applied (Angelo, 2012). HV High Velocity Directional Spray Nozzles:HV Nozzles are open (non-automatic) directional spray nozzles with individual inlet strainers (Bhattacharjee et al., 2012). They are designed for use in water spray fixed systems for fire protection applications where a high velocity water application may be required. Firefighting equipment (I) Various work areas in the building The various work area in the manufacturing company of motor car includes: Production area: It is the area where the goods are manufactured or produced by the employees of manufacturing company of motor car (Othman Shazali, 2012). The products include various parts of motorcar. Storage area: It is the area where manufactured goods are stored for export and import. Information system area: The information system of the company includes information about the whole organization including the financial status of the company. (II) Fire risks in the work area of the building Production area: The products that are manufactured in the production zone can be destroyed if a fire risk occurs in that section (Dimitropoulos et al., 2015). Storage area: The storage section includes huge amount of producers. If any fire risk occurs in this area then the organization will suffer huge losses in its financial status (Kumar, 2014). Information system area: The information system is very important for the company. If any risk of fire occurs in this section then the full information including the confidential gets destroyed. Therefore, the section must be handled properly (Yoon Min, 2013). (III)Appropriate extinguishing agents for the risks Extinguishing agents in Production area: Water and Foam must be used by the production department because Foam agents always separate the oxygen element from the other elements. Extinguishing agents in Storage area: Water mist must be used in the storage department because Water Mist extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away theheat element of the fire triangle (Cruz et al., 2016). Extinguishing agents in Information system area: Carbon dioxide is the extinguishing agent that must be used for the IT system because Carbon Dioxide fire extinguishers extinguish fire by taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle and be removing the heat with a very cold discharge. (IV)Description of two extinguishing agents Water and Foam: Water and Foamfire extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away theheatelement of the fire triangle. Foam agents also separate theoxygenelement from the other elements (Fernndez-Berni et al., 2012).Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class B or C fires. Water Mist: Water Mistextinguishers are a recent development that extinguishes the fire by taking away theheat element of the fire triangle (Yoon Min, 2013). They are an alternative to the clean agent extinguishers where contamination is a concern. Description of different choices of water supply available to the sprinkler system The choices of water supplies include: Supplies must be evaluated for resistance to pipe failure, pressure loss, droughts, and other issues that may affect availability. The system must provide adequate sprinkler supply and pressure. 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Teenager Appeal of Rock Music Essay Example For Students

Teenager Appeal of Rock Music Essay The ending of World War 2 sparked more interests in what is the social norm. Abundant about of people coming back from the war wanted to start families. The baby boom increased the about of kids in America drastically. These kids of the baby boom started a new age class in America, the teenager. Prior to World War 2 most of the youth in America was ether working or Joining the military to fight the war in Europe. There was never an actually teenager stereo type. Due to the baby boom after the war, there were more teenagers than ever before with little or nothing to do. Nothing was marketed to the teenager. During the war many toy companies directed there attention towards the wars needs. The age of the teenager was new to American culture. There was generational gap for the social norm of boys and girls. Children were starting to become more independent. Mothers of children stated to join the working class leaving older children to start developing their own social class. Conformity and the desire to reject change were very common in the sass. When the teenager came about many of them had their own style and seemed to be rebellious. After the war there were many new technologies that were available to the teenager. The invention of the television and mass transportation made the biggest impact. The ability to hear outside influences and the ability to travel gave the teenager a broader spectrum of life. There was draw to blues and Jazz music of the African American people because of its upbeat style. However it wasnt until Elvis Presley came out that the draw of rock music took off. A white singer that sounded like a black singer was solid gold. With Elvis Presley style of music it appealed to the growing social class of the teenager. With the age of segregation at its peak it came as no surprise that the older generation saw rock music as corrupting the youth. Many people claimed that rock music was the sole reason there was a growing existences of Juvenile delinquency. It seemed the more people spoke out against rock music the more popular rock music became. The teenager social class was growing every day and had become bigger than ever seen in the United States. The movie Rebel Without a Cause had come out depicting how rebel looks and acts, and any teenagers mimicked how that character acted and dressed. This became the norm of how teenagers acted. In conclusion the reason that rock and roll music was so appealing was its inherent draw to rebel against the older generation. The slow tempo music of old was not suiting for the teenager. The upbeat music and its African American roots was the perfect storm for teenagers to rebel. The amount of teenagers in America was higher than ever and with the core audience of rock and roll music being teenagers its no wonder that rock and roll music took off. Teenager Appeal of Rock Music in the 1950 By superman